ATOMIC STRUCTURE I

 QUANTUM NUMBERS
Quantum numbers are nothing but address of an electron.It is used to locate an electron inside an atom.To make it clear think of your address.It contains Name,Door No.,Street name and city name.
Accordingly we also have four quantum numbers.
1.Principal Quantum number
2.Azimuthal Quantum number
3.Magnetic Quantum number and
4.Spin Quantum number.

PRINCIPAL QUANTUM NUMBER

It is indicated by n.It  tells us the shell in which an electron resides.
As the value of n increases,energy of the electron also increases i.e., energy increases as we move away from the nucleus.

"It is like the city name in your address."

AZIMUTHAL QUANTUM NUMBER

It is indicated by 'l' .It gives us information about the subshell i.e, orbitals in which the electron present.For every n value we have 0 to n-1 values.

 "It is like the street name in your address."


MAGNETIC QUANTUM NUMBER 

It is denoted by 'm'.It gives us information about the  orientation of orbitals in which the electron resides. The values ranges from -l to + l.

For s orbital m=0 i.e, it has only one orientation.

For p orbital m= -1,0,+1.i.e., three possible orientations-px,py,pz 








For d orbitals m = -2,-1,0 +1,+2

i.e., five possible orientations-    dxy,dyz,dxz,dx2-y2,dz2 





 "It is like door number in your address"


SPIN QUANTUM NUMBER 

It is denoted by 's'. It gives the information about the spin of electron i.e., either clockwise(+1/2) or anticlockwise(-1/2).

  "It is like your name in the address."